Enviroment, Health and Society

Benefits and Challenges of the Application of Nanotechnology to Food

Magnuson B.A., Bryant C.M., Bugusu B.A., Floros J.D., Weiss J., Yada R.Y., Institute of Food Technology, US

The number of potential uses of science and/or technology at the nanoscale level in the food and food ingredient industry is growing rapidly with ongoing research in a variety of application areas. Many applications offer [...]

Characterization on Dioxin Emission of TiO2 Nanoparticle-Encapsulating Poly(vinyl chloride) (TEPVC) compared to conventional PVC

Yoo H., Kim S-H, Lee A.R., Kwak S-Y, Seoul National University, KR

In our previous study, we first prepared TiO2 nanoparticle-encapsulating poly(vinyl chloride) (TEPVC) aiming at breakthrough to enhance the dispersibility of TiO2 nanoparticles in PVC matrix to maximize catalytic activities of TiO2 nanoparticles. The present study [...]

Theoretical Study of the Reaction between OH Radicals and Formaldehyde adsorbed on Small Silica Clusters

Iuga C., Vivier-Bunge A., Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, MX

Heterogeneous reactions of atmospheric gases on aerosol particles may play an important role in atmospheric chemistry. However, the kinetics and mechanisms of adsorption and reaction of atmospheric gases on aerosol surfaces are not well understood. [...]

Methods for the Prediction of Nanoparticle Fate, Transport and Receptor Exposure in an Aqueous Environment

Mackay C.E., Gray M.N., Reinert K., Sellers K., AMEC, US

The development and applications of nanomaterials have presented a unique problem to environmental scientists and risk assessors. Until now, the models and paradigms used to predict the behavior of chemicals in the environment and thereby [...]

Detection, Measurement and Toxicology of Semiconductor Nanocrystals in Ceriodapnia dubia

Ingle T., Hannigan R., Buchanan R., Bouldin J., Arkansas State University, US

Engineered nanomaterials differing in size, shape, surface area and composition are used in research, industrial, and consumer applications. Because of their unique structure and size the need exists for toxicological profiles of nanoparticles as a [...]

Adsorption/Desorption of Cd by Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Sediment Particles as well as Their Facilitated Bioaccumulation of Cd into Carp

Zhang X., Chen Y., Sun H., Crittenden J.C., Arizona State University, US

There are increasing concerns about the health and environmental impact of nanomaterials. The study of Sun et. al 2006 provided the evidence of facilitated bioaccumulation of As(V) in carp in the presence of titanium dioxide [...]

Are Emerging Applications of Carbon Nanotubes Safe?

Sharma R., Shetty K., Liang R., Chen C-J., Florida State University, US

Carbon nanotubes are emerging as potential tools in drug delivery nanocarriers to target specific cell types and carbon cages filled with metal molecules may improve MRI microimaging. The present paper reviews the current state of [...]

An investigation of natural nanoparticles for cleaning applications

Nero M., Tran B., Naturell Clean, Inc., US

Bioremediant cleaning products are investigated for every day use by consumers in their homes. Nano-components such as biosurfactants, enzymes, metaloenzymes, and chelating agents are derived from Sea Kelp and are the result of naturally occurring [...]

Forensic Environmental Analysis of Nanotechnology Regulation

Scher C.A., Caputo D.L., Quest Consulting, Inc., US

Some considerable effort has recently been displayed by manufacturers, researchers, regulatory bodies, professional organizations, NGOs, and other interested parties addressing how nano-particles and their manufacture should be environmentally regulated. The term environment here is used [...]

Smog Analysis in Urban Areas Using ASTER Data and Its Analysis of Variance with In-Situ Sensors Data

Roy P., Brumfield J.O., Vaseashta A., Graduate program in Physical Sciences, US

This paper describes an approach to assess atmospheric pollutant in the troposphere and their spectral characteristic signatures by using high-spectral and spatial resolution ASTER data and its analysis of variance with in-situ data obtained using [...]

Aided Transport of Nano-Iron in Clay Soils Using Direct Electric Field

Hannum L., Pamukcu S., Lehigh University, US

The influence of direct current electric fields on the possible electrokinetic delivery of a nano-iron slurry in clay for the purpose of fast and effective remediation of soil contaminants has been tested. Nano-iron can be [...]

Nano-Catalysts and Colloidal Suspensions of Carbo-Iron for Environmental Application

Mackenzie K., Hildebrand H., Kopinke F.-D., Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, DE

The presentation contains two innovative applications of nano-sized materials for environmental application: 1) Pd catalysts for wastewater treatment. The new ferromagnetic nano-sized Pd catalysts have proved effective for selective dechlorination of industrial wastewater. Extraction by [...]

Nanotechnologies and Health Maintenance

Rae A., NanoDynamics, US

We have all heard about the marvelous advances being made in the use of nanomaterials in imaging, cancer therapy and controlled release pharmaceuticals. What is less well known is the role of nanotechnology in prevention [...]

Cytotoxicity of Dental Nanocomposite Particles

Kostoryz E.L., Utter C.J., Wang Y., Dusevich V., Spencer P., University of Missouri-Kansas City, US

Safety assessment of dental composites is focused on the toxicity of leachable unreacted monomers. With the advent of nanostructured materials, safety assessment needs to include the potential toxicity of nanoparticles. The objective of this study [...]

An OMICs Approach for Assessing the Safety of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Human Skin and Lung Cells

Cunningham M.J., Shah M., Lema C., Magnuson S., Falduto M., Balzano L., Resasco D., Houston Advanced Research Center, US

High-throughput OMICs biotechnologies combined with a systems biology approach were used to screen for the toxicity of nanomaterials. Profiling of the macromolecular interactions within human cells was done with mRNA and miRNA expression microarrays (genomics) [...]

Toxicogenomics study of nanomaterials on the model organism zebrafish

Rojo I., Uriarte M., Obieta I., Bustero I., Egizabal A., Pardo M.A., Martínez de Ilárduya O., Azti-Tecnalia, ES

The applications of nanomaterials include fields as biomedicine, cosmetics or food science, raising a concern about the need to determine their toxic effects. Most of the toxicity tests are based on the analysis of classical [...]

Stable Isotope Tracing – a way forward for Nanotechnology?

Gulson B., Wong H., McCall M., Danon S., Greenoak G., Trotter J., Casey P., Stauber J., Commonwealth Scientifc and Industrial Research Organisation, AU

Numerous publications and reports have expressed health and safety concerns about the production and use of nanoparticles, especially in areas of exposure monitoring, personal use, and environmental fate and transport. We suggest that stable isotopic [...]

An integrated NMR/nanosensor system for sensitive detection of environmental toxins and harmful microbes

Perez J.M., Fries D.P., Hickman J.J., University of Central Florida, US

The use of nanoparticles and NMR detection technologies has lead to significant improvements in sensitivity. Nanoparticles have many useful optical and electronic properties derived from their small size. When coupled to affinity ligands, these materials [...]

Biodistribution and Toxicity of Nanomaterials In Vivo: Effects of Composition, Size, Surface Functionalization and Route of Exposure

Harper S.L., Maddux B., Hutchison J., Tanguay R.L., Oregon State University, US

Given the anticipated growth of the nanotechnology industry and the deficiency of toxicological information, there is an obvious need for rapid, relevant and efficient testing strategies to evaluate the biological activity and toxic potential of [...]

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